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Aging matrix visualizes complexity of battery aging across hundreds of cycling protocols

2025-04-17

Overview

In this work, we generate a diverse battery cycling dataset with a broad range of degradation trajectories. We consolidate aging via 16 mechanistic state-of-health (SOH) metrics, including cell-level performance metrics, electrode-specific capacities/state-of-charges (SOCs), and aging trajectory metrics.

The raw data is available through the “Download Dataset” button at the end of the page. Recommendations for download are also provided.

Associated information is available for download:

Download notebooks and figure generating code

Download processed data

Download metadata

References

If using this dataset in a publication, please cite:

Vlijmen, Bruis van, Lam, Vivek N., Asinger, Patrick A., Cui, Xiao, Schaeffer, Joachim, Geslin, Alexis, Ganapathi, Devi, Sun, Shijing, Herring, Patrick K., Balaji Gopal, Chirranjeevi, Geise, Natalie, Deng, Haitao D., Thaman, Henry L., Kang, Stephen Dongmin, Torrisi, Steven B., Trewartha, Amalie, Anapolsky, Abraham, Storey, Brian D., Gent, William E., Braatz, Richard D., and Chueh, William C., Aging matrix visualizes complexity of battery aging across hundreds of cycling protocols, Energy Environ. Sci.,18, 6641-6654 (2025).

Instructions on downloading the dataset

For the purpose of documentation, these are the commands users can use to download the files:

On a Command Line Terminal:

# Install the file downloader
❯ brew install aria2

# Get the raw data
❯ aria2c -x16 -s16 -k1M -c -o RawData.zip "https://data.matr.io/11/RawData.zip"

# Get the processed data
❯ aria2c -x16 -s16 -k1M -c -o StructuredData.zip "https://data.matr.io/11/StructuredData.zip"

If the download is cancelled or interrupted for any reason, it can be restarted from the same point by running the same command. Here is an example of interrupted and restarted download:

❯ aria2c -x16 -s16 -k1M -c -o big.zip "https://data.matr.io/11/RawData.zip"


08/25 13:37:17 [NOTICE] Downloading 1 item(s)

08/25 13:37:18 [NOTICE] Allocating disk space. Use --file-allocation=none to disable it. See --file-allocation option in man page for more details.
 *** Download Progress Summary as of Mon Aug 25 13:38:17 2025 ***
=======================================================================================================================================================
[#212962 404MiB/178GiB(0%) CN:16 DL:26MiB ETA:1h56m44s]
FILE: /Users/devangmotwani/Git/mmt-stamping-ui/big.zip
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 *** Download Progress Summary as of Mon Aug 25 13:39:17 2025 ***
=======================================================================================================================================================
[#212962 1.8GiB/178GiB(1%) CN:16 DL:22MiB ETA:2h12m18s]
FILE: /Users/devangmotwani/Git/mmt-stamping-ui/big.zip
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[#212962 2.0GiB/178GiB(1%) CN:16 DL:21MiB ETA:2h20m36s]^C
08/25 13:39:27 [NOTICE] Shutdown sequence commencing... Press Ctrl-C again for emergency shutdown.

08/25 13:39:27 [NOTICE] Download GID#21296297694f3b00 not complete: /Users/devangmotwani/Git/mmt-stamping-ui/big.zip

Download Results:
gid   |stat|avg speed  |path/URI
======+====+===========+=======================================================
212962|INPR|    24MiB/s|/Users/devangmotwani/Git/mmt-stamping-ui/big.zip

Status Legend:
(INPR):download in-progress.

aria2 will resume download if the transfer is restarted.
If there are any errors, then see the log file. See '-l' option in help/man page for details.

Restarting the download:

 ~/Git/mmt-stamping-ui  main *3 !1 ?2                                                                                          2m 11s  01:39:27 PM
❯ aria2c -x16 -s16 -k1M -c -o big.zip "https://data.matr.io/11/RawData.zip"


08/25 13:39:39 [NOTICE] Downloading 1 item(s)
[#25e283 2.2GiB/178GiB(1%) CN:16 DL:24MiB ETA:2h1m31s]^C
08/25 13:39:48 [NOTICE] Shutdown sequence commencing... Press Ctrl-C again for emergency shutdown.

08/25 13:39:48 [NOTICE] Download GID#25e283e268e142c9 not complete: /Users/devangmotwani/Git/mmt-stamping-ui/big.zip

Download Results:
gid   |stat|avg speed  |path/URI
======+====+===========+=======================================================
25e283|INPR|    21MiB/s|/Users/devangmotwani/Git/mmt-stamping-ui/big.zip

Status Legend:
(INPR):download in-progress.

aria2 will resume download if the transfer is restarted.
If there are any errors, then see the log file. See '-l' option in help/man page for details.